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Construction materials are any substances or products used in the process of constructing, renovating, or repairing a structure.

They can be broadly categorized into two types:

i. natural construction materials

ii. manufactured construction materials

Surveying is the techniques, profession and science of determining the terrestrial or threedimensional position of points, distances and angles between them. It is done in order to achieve
the following objectives:
• To determine, measure and represent land, three-dimensional objects, points-fields and
trajectories;
• To assemble and interpret land and geographically related information,
• To use that information for planning and efficient administration of land, sea and any
structures there on; and
• To conduct research into the above practices and to develop them.

Surveying is the techniques, profession and science of determining the terrestrial or threedimensional position of points, distances and angles between them. It is done in order to achieve
the following objectives:
• To determine, measure and represent land, three-dimensional objects, points-fields and
trajectories;
• To assemble and interpret land and geographically related information,
• To use that information for planning and efficient administration of land, sea and any
structures there on; and
• To conduct research into the above practices and to develop them.